Blindstitch sewing-machine.



T. J. HAYES.

BLINDSTITCH SEWING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. 14. 1912.

1,230,,1 59. Patented June 19, 1917.

5 SHEETS-SHEET I.

Fig. 1.

Inventor.

Witnesses Thomusd Hayes YMWW AHy's.

T. J. HAYES.

BLINDSTITCH SEWING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. I4. 1913.

1,230, 1 59 Patented June 19, 1917.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 2- Fig.2 Fig.3.

Witness-es. I inventor.

Thomas L). Hayes,

iwMW W M An s.

Fig.4.

NiInessea gmzaw Max A M.

T. J. HAYES.

Patented J 11116 19, 1917.

5 SHEETSSHEET 3.

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lnvenfon Thomas J. Hayes,

T. J. HAYES.

BLINDSTITCH SEWING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED AUG-14,1913.

Patented June 19, 1917.

5 SHEETSSHEET 4. Fig.6.

r o I n 6 V I Thomas J. Ha yzmwmzzzf Fig.5.

A WiTnesses.

MM WA. M

T. J. HAYES.

BLINDSTITCH SEWING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. 14. 1913.

1,230, 1 59. v Patented June 19, 1917. r

5 SHEETS-SHEET 5.

Fig. 10.

Inventor,

Thomas 'J. Hayes.

Witnesses.

n rrro.

THOMAS J'. HAYES, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR TO ARBETTER FELLINGMACHINE COMPANY, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS, A CORPORATION OF MAINE.

' BIJINDs'rI'roH SEWING-MACHINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented June 19, 1917.

Application filed August 14, 1913. Serial No. 784,687.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, THoMAs J HAYEs, a citizen of the United States, andresident of Boston, county of Suffolk, State of Massachusetts, haveinvented an Improvement in Blindstitch Sewing-Machines, of which thefollowing description, in connection with the accompanying drawing, is aspecification, like characters on the drawing representing like parts.

This invention relates to improvements in machines for doing blindstitch work and particularly felling work, in which the edge raw orinturned of a superimposed layer or layers, is united to a main or basefabric. The machine herein illustratedas an embodiment of the presentinvention is of the Arbetter type of blind stitch machine in which thestitch forming mechanism is located above the bed plate and comprises anoscillating curved needle and a revolving hook or suitable loopermechanism cooperating therewith. I

The present invention involves means for maintaining the plane ofoscillation of the needle at a uniform angle to the bed plate andreciprocating the needle relatively therewith in such a manner that informing one line of stitching it will pass beyond the edge of thesuperimposed layer and beneath the same in such a manner that the needlewill be caused to penetrate the lower surface of the superimposed layerand emerge from the lower surface or that surface which will comeadjacent the base layer when the seam is finished so as to cause thestitches to be wholly concealed.

The invention also involves mechanism partaking of the lateral movementof the needle, for guiding the needle during each of its oscillations,so that when the needle is to enter beneath the superimposed layer theneedle guide will enter between the superimposed layer and the basefabric and insure the entry of the needle into the fabric at the desiredpoint. i

The invention also involves a novel construction of presser-foot adaptedto codperate with the laterally movable needle-guide to positionproperly the superimposed layer of fabric for the entrance and emergenceof the needle therefrom.

The invention includes a novel bender mechanism for the main or basefabric whereby the distance said bender is thrust above the bed platemay be readily and accurately adjusted.

adapted to yieldreadily in crossing seams or other obstructions.

Other objects and features of the invention will more fully appear fromthe accompanying description and drawings and will be pointed out in thesubjoined claims. The drawings illustrate a preferred form of machineembodying my invention.

In the drawings Figure 1 is a vertical sectional view longitudinally ofthe machine.

Fig. 2 is an end elevation with the face plate removed and parts brokenaway to show the needle operating and take up mechanisms.

Fig. 3 is a transverse vertical section near the rear end of the machineon line aa Fig. 1.

Fig. 4c is a horizontal sectional view of the arm of the machine andinclosed parts.

Fig. 5 is a detailed plan view of the feeding mechanism.

Fig. 6 is a detailed front elevation of the feeding mechanism.

Fig. 7 is a detailed plan view of the bender.

Fig. 8 is a detailed view partly in section of the bender and means foradjusting the same.

Fig. 9 is a detailed View of the needle operating mechanism.

Fig. 10 is a sectional view of the presserfoot and feed dog cooperatingtherewith.

Fig. 11 is a plan view of the presser-foot.

Fig. 12 is a front View of the presser-foot showing the guide fordirecting the edge of the superimposed fabric.

Fig. 13 is a vertical sectional view of the presser-foot showing theneedle guide in position to direct the needle through the superimposedlayer.

Fig. 14 is a vertical sectional view show ing the bender in elevatedposition to cause the needle to penetrate the base layer of fabric, thesection being taken on line 7) 7) Fig. 11.

Fig. 15 is a plan view of the parts showing the needle-guide and theneedle directed thereby entering the base layer of fabric.

Fig. 16 is a plan view showing the needleguide and the needle directedthereby entering the superimposed layer of fabric.

Fig. 17 is asectional view on line -0 Fig. 11.

Fig. 18 is a detailed sectionalView of the presser-foot and guide online dd Fig. 11, and

Fig. 19 is a vertical sectional view of the presser-foot showingrelative positions of the edge of the guide, the needle-guide, and

the bender.

In the drawings 1 represents the bed plate from which rises the usualoverhanging arm 2, having at its forward end a head 3 provided with theusual removable vface plate,

(not shown).

The main driving shaft 4 extends horizontally' through the overhangingarmand isprovided with the usual hand wheel 5 and pulley 6 by whichrotation is imparted to it.

Theforward end of the shaft 4 is provided with a cam 7 which is providedwith a strap and link 8, which connects to an arm 9 of a rock shaft 10,which transmits movement through an arm 11 to a link 12, havinguniversal joints at each end, to the arm 13 pf the rock shaft 14 whichcarries the bar 15 for the curved needle 16; The rock shaft 14, .aboutwhich the needle is oscillated is j ournaled in a bracket 41 dependingfrom a carriage 18, which is slidably mounted in ways 19 in the lowerportion ofthehead 3the bracket 41 may be detachably secured to thecarriage 18 by a set screw 17 passing through the boss on said carriageand engaging the stem of the-bracket which projects into said boss andcarriage. It will be seen that by the connections aforesaid,

the "rotary movement of the shaft 4 is trans- Initted through theseveral links and rock shafts and is transformed in such a manner as togive an-osci'llating movement to the needle.

The needle is shogged or given a bodily lateral movement transverselyoftheline of feed by causing the carriage 18, which sup;

ports the oscillating needle, to move backward vand forward in its waysin the head of the machine. "This motion is transmitted to the carriage18 through a lever 20 which has a forked end embracing va stud upon saidcarriage and whichis provided at about its middle with a stud 21 bywhich it is ,connected to the end .to afloating link 22, which isprovided at its rear end with a- U-shaped part 23, which embraces a cam24 upon a counter shaft 25, arranged beneath and at right angles to themain shaft, and driven therefrom through the spiral gears 26 and 27. Thefloatinglink 22 is connected intermediate of its ends to a link 28,which is connected to the end 29 of a bell crank lever 30, which ismounted upon a stud 31 within the hollow arm and has an arm 32-projecting through a slot 33 said am and adapted to be adjustablysecured therein by -a thumb screw 34. The pivot of the 'bell crank lever30 is so arranged in respect to the axis of the floating link that themovement of the arm 32 in the slot will cause an upward or downwardadjustment of the connection'between the link.28 and thearm 29, and willthereby vary the extent of longitudinal movement of the floating link 22and correspondingly regulate the amplitude of movement of the carriage18, thus deter-.

mining, the distance between the parallel rows of stitching made by theoscillating or reciprocating needle;

' The revolving hook 35, or looper mechanism, which cooperates with theoscillating needle may be of the type ordinarily used vin machines ofthis character, and as shown in the drawing, is driven through gears 36,

shaft 37 and spiral gears 38 and 39, the lat ter being mounted upon themain shaft.

Any suitable take up mechanism may be used with my invention, and it istherefore unnecessary to describe theparticular form of take upillustrated in the drawings.- It

may, however, be stated that the take up mechanism shown issubstantially like that disclosed in Patent #695,915, granted March 25,1902 to W. F. Deal and G.'.H. Dimond. The rock shaft 14, which carriesthe oscillating needle, is supported at an angle to the plane of the bedplate in bearings. 40 in the stud 41 whichdepends fromthe carriage 18.One of thebearings 40 has an extension 42 towhich a needle-guide 43 isfixedly secured by a screw or other fastening de-- vice. It thereforefollows that when the carriage 18 is reciprocated the needle and theneedle-guide are correspondingly moved toward and from the line of feed,the needleguide being always in position to receive the needle andsupport and direct it in its path through the material. N

- I The material is guidedpastthestitch formring mechanism between thework support which is yieldingly mounted in the base plate andthepresser-foot rigidly secured; In the machine illus-- to the machinehead. trated herein thepresser-foot 44 is rigidly secured to the head ofthe machine by screws or otherwise, and is provided with forwardlyextending toes 45, 46. Near the base 'ofthe outer toe 45 an upwardand'lateral posed layer of fabric the movable carriage for the needlewill be at the limit of its movement toward the face or forward end ofthe overhanging arm and the needle-guide which is attached thereto, will.at that time be thrust beneath the under surface 'of the superimposedlayer and also beneath the projection 47, in the position shown in Figs.13 and 16.

The stitch in the superimposed layer having been formed the next stitchis made in the base layer. In making such stitch the carriage 18,together with the needle and needle-guide, aremoved laterally so thatthe needle and needle-guide are slightly beyond the edge of thesuperimposedlayer. In this position the oscillating needle wouldnormally pass above the upper surface of the base layer of the fabric,but is caused to penetrate the same by the action of a bender which isthrust through the bed plate directly beneath the path of the needle,and serves to bend the base layer of cloth upward sufficiently to permitthe needle to pass through the upper surface thereof.

In this machine the bender is made adj ustable, so that it may be causedto thrust a greater or less distance above the work support. The worksupport is slidably mounted in guides in the bed plate 1 and isyieldingly supported therein by a spring 51. The usual means areprovided for depressing the work support, which as shown in the drawing,is in the form of a bell crank lever 52 engaging a lug upon the worksupport and provided with a suitable knee lever 51- The bender 54 ismounted in suitable guides in the work support and is secured to a rod55 which is slidably mounted in lugs extending laterally from the arm 56of the rock shaft 57, which is actuated from a cam upon the countershaft25. The up ward thrust of the bender 54 is limited by a pin58which'rests upon a shoulder projecting from the arm 56 of the rockshaft and extends up through a sleeve 59which passes through the workplate and has a screw threaded cap 60, adapted to be engaged by the endof pin 58. The pin 58 is provided with a collar 61, and a spiral spring62 surrounding said pin and interposed between the collar and the cap 60serves to press the pin into constant engagement with the arm 56. Thecap 60 extends above the work plate and is provided with milled edgeswhereby it may be easily rotated by the operator to adjust the thrust ofthe bender. In order to deaden the noise made by the reciprocation ofthis part the pin 58 is usually made of fibrous material.

The mechanism for operating said bender comprises a rock shaft 57, whichis actuated from a cam 63 upon the .countershaft 25 through the mediumof a link 64 having a U-shaped end 65 embracing said cam, the

end 65 being connected by a link-66 to a pivotcarried by a stud on theinside of the provided at its lower end with a cylindrical bolt or pin69 which extends through the bearings in the member 68 and is providedat its end with a spiral spring 70, the adjustment of which may besecured by the lock-nuts, 71. This forms a yielding connection betweenthe countershaft 25 and the bender 54 so that if the bender is soadjusted that the rocker arm 56 may not have its full movement the otherrocker arm 67 will cause the part 68 to slide along the rod 69 againstthe tension of the spring 70, thus giving the necessary resilience tothe parts to compensate for any adjustment given to the bender.

In doing blind stitch it is frequently necessary to cross thick seamsand in order to obviate any difiiculty in doing so, the presentinvention comprises a feed dog independently yieldable at each end,means being provided for supporting the same in such a manner that thedog can readily yield upon meeting the seam and cross the same withoutdifficulty, in. the'meanwhile giving the proper step by step advancementto the material being sewed.

In the machine illustrated herein the bed plate 1 is provided with adownwardly projecting portion in which the work support is yieldablymounted as aforesaid. This downwardly projecting portion is providedwith bosses 72, 73, in which are slidably mounted pins 74, 75, the upperends of which are provided with links 76, 77, which in turn are pivotedto downwardly pro jected lugs 78, 79 on the respective ends of the feeddog 80.

Each of the sliding pins 74 is yieldably and adjustably supported in itsbearing by a spring 81 cofiperating with an adjustable thumb nut 82 sothat the yieldability of the respective ends of the feed dog may beadjusted independently as desired. The downwardly projecting lugs 78,79, which 006perate with means for directing the feed dog in itsmovement are provided with lateral slots 83 and 84. A guiding link 85 isprovided with a stud 86 which engages the slot 83 and is pivotallymounted on a stud 87 projecting from the depending frame. A similar link88 provided with a short shaft 89 engages the slot 84, and is supportedat its opposite end upon a rock shaft 93. By reason of the connectionsaforesaid the usual four motion movement may be imparted to the feed'dog, notwithstanding the fact that its ends are independently yieldableand adjustable. I s The forward and'backward movement is x given to thefeed dog through a link 90,

5 4, The floating link 95 is attached by a link 98 to one arm 99 of abell crank lever 100 v which is pivoted on a bolt or stud 101 projectingfrom the interior ,of the hollow frame; The otherarm of the lever 102 isprovided with a thumb screw 103, the stem of which extends through aslot1 04 in the frame and is adjustable therein. The relation of the pivotalpoint- 101 of the bell crank leverwith the axis of the floating link 95is such that the adjustment of the thumb screw103 backward or forward inthe slot 104 will cause a. greater or less longitudinal movement in saidfloating link and thereby adjust the amplitude of vibration of the rockshaft and consequently the forward and the backward movement ofthe feeddog.

The upward and downward movement of the feed dog are produced through arock shaft 105 journaled in the sliding stem of the work support 50." Anarm extends from said rock shaft 105 and is provided with.

a pin 106 which engages a'slot .107. in the feed dog. The other end ofsaid rock shaft 105 is connected by a linkrl08 with an 'arm 49 109extending froma sleeve 110 which surrounds the solid rock shaft 93, andis sup- 7 ported thereby. The opposite end of sleeve 110 is providedwith an arm 111 which is connected to the link 112 having a strap 113,

which'embraces a cam 114 upon the main shaft. en in operation the cam 97upon the main shaft transmits a longitudinal reciprocating motion to thefloating link 95 which causes. the solid rock shaft 93 to oscillate.This ransmits backward and forward movement to the .feed dog through thelink 1 90 which is attached directly to the feed dog;

Upward and downward movement of said dog is communicated through cam 114on 55. the main shaft andvthe 112 to the sleeve 11 0, whereby saidsleeve is caused to-roek and it, in turn, acts throughlink 108 tooscillate the rock sh ft 105, which has rigidly secured thereto the ,armwith the. pin 106 v which travels in slot 107 inthe feed dog.

I Through the bell crank adjustment above described, the extent of theforward and backward reciprocating movement of the feed dog can becontrolled.

The general construction andoperation of Y 1,23b,15e

the machine will be clear from the foregoing description.

While the machine as illustrated is .ar ranged for felling work, and theinvention is more particularly concerned with. that type of .work, stillthe invention in many of its features is of value in the roduction ofpadding or other kinds of blind stitch sewing. The felling seam made bya machine embodying this invention is illustrated in its preferred formsin my pending application #779,943, filed July 19, 1913, although astherein set forth, the illustration of the seam is exaggerated-and itsrelative proportions changed somewhat for the sake of clearness.

The manner in which the machine operates to make this seam will be clearparticularly from the illustration in Figs. '10 to 16' of the drawingherein.

It is desirable in felling work that the thread shall not only beconcealed on the right side of the fabric, which results from the use ofblind stitches, but that it shall also be concealed, so far aspracticable, on the side from which it is laid into the work. Themachine of this invention effects this .by' placing the stitch in thesuperimposed layer entirely in the under surface, or .that surface ofthe superimposed layer which will come under and adjacent the base layerwhen the threads'are drawn up and the seam is finished. This result issecured by causing the needle to enterthe underside of the and to emergepreferably from the under surface of the superimposed layer or at ,sucha point in the superimposed layer that when superimposed layer well backfrom the edge the" threads are tightened up by the tension 3 this pointwill also come at the under surface,

"Then with the stitch in the base layertakenclose to the edge, or evenslightly under the its edge, -as is possible whenv the threads are drawnup,the entire mass of both threads will lie'bene'ath the superimposedlayer and be entirely concealed thereby.

the needle is shown as making the stitch in the superimposed layer; Itwill be noted that the center of thesw inging or oscillatory 'movementof the needle is back or much nearer the operator than the part of thefabric entered by the needle, and it will be also noted that theresser-foot and guiding devices formed thereon elevate the Isuperimposed layer so as to present the under surfacevmore nearly normalto the needle. The needle will thus as it swings forward, enter theunder surface of the superimposed layer well back. from the edge beingaccurately guided to secure this result by the needle guide of thisinvention, and the needle will come out eitherfron the under surface orat the edge at a pointwhich-will come on the under surface when thethreads are drawn up. The making of.

. 110 In Figs. 13, 16 and 17 .of the drawing, 1

edge of the superimposed layer will occupy when the seam is finished,and with the inclined position of the needle required by this inventionand the elevation of the superimposed edge secured by the guidingPresser-foot this stitch may in fact be taken somewhat beneath the edgeof the superimposed layer as it will lie in the finished seam. Thestitch in the base layer is usually very short, but a few threads of thebase layer being taken up. The feed may be readily so arranged that theneedle in making successive stitches, the one in the superimposed layerand the other in the base layer they will emerge nearly opposite eachother transversely of the seam, thus enabling the edge to be rolled intofinal position by a more direct pull on the bobbin thread connecting theloops of the needle thread.

Having fully described my invention what I claim as new and desire tosecure by Letters Patent is:

1. In a machine for blind stitching having a work support, a curvedoscillating needle, and complemental stitch forming mechanism locatedabove said work support, and means for feeding the work across saidsupport, means for supporting the needle comprising a sliding carriagehaving a. downwardly projecting bracket, an inclined pivot on saidbracket, a needle bar pivotally mounted thereon so that the plane ofoscillation of the needle is obliquely and uniformly inclined to thework support, means for reciprocating said carriage and means foroscillating the needle to produce two rows of stitches.

2. In a machine for blind stitching for felling the edge of asuperimposed layer or layers to a main layer of material comprising acurved oscillating needle and complemental stitch forming mechanism, amovable needle-guide and means for causing the same to enter beneath theedge of the superimposed fabric sufiiciently to permit the needle topenetrate and emerge from the same at points beneath the displayed edgethere of, whereby the ends of thestitch, or the 'endsof the portion ofthe thread embedded in the superimposed layer or layers, are beneath theupper surface thereof.

3. In a machine for blind stitching, comprising a work support, a curvedoscillating needle and complemental stitch forming mechanism locatedabove said work support, means for feeding the Work across said sup-.port, a sliding carriage upon which said oscillating needle is mounted,means for reciprocating said carriage. a needle-guide, secured to saidcarriage and partaking the lateral movements of the needle.

4. In a machine for blind stitching for felling the edge of asuperimposed layer or layers to a main layer of material, comprising acurved needle oscillating in a plane obliquely inclined to the worksupport, and complemental stitch forming mechanism lo cated above saidwork support, means for moving the needle laterally relative to saidwork support, and a needle guide partaking the lateral movement of theneedle adapted to pass beneath the edge of the superimposed layer orlayers, whereby the points of entrance and emergence of the needle andconsequently the ends of the stitch are beneath the upper surfacethereof.

5. In a machine for blind stitching for felling comprising a worksupport, a curved oscillating needle and complcmental stitch mechanismlocated and operating above said work support, means for feedingmaterial across said work support, a presser foot having a bifurcatedend forming toes, a projection extending upwardly and laterally from theinner side of the outer toe, a relatively movable needle-guide adaptedto cooperate with said projection to support the edge of thesuperimposed layerso that the needle is caused to enter and emerge fromthe under surface of the superimposed layer.

6. In a sewing machine comprising a bed plate, a work support, a curvedosirillating needle and complemental stitch forming mechanism locatedand operating above the work support, and means for feeding materialacross said work support, a bender for said material adapted to beprojected through said work support, mechanism for operating saidbender. a yieldable connection between said mechanism and said benderand adjustable means on th e bed plate for limiting the distance saidbender is thrust beyond the surface of the work support. V

7 In a sewing machine comprising a bed plate, a work support, a curvedoscillating needle and complemental stitch forming mechanism located andoperating above the work support, and means for feeding material acrosssaid work support, .a bender for said material adapted to be projectedthrough said work support, mechanism for operating said bender, a'yieldable connection between said mechanism and said bender, and h andoperated means extending through and adjustably from above said bedplate for adjusting the limit of the thrust of said bender beyord thesurface of the work support.

8. In a sewing machine having a work support, a curved oscillatingneedle and complemental stitch forming mechanism located and operatingabove the work support, and means for feeding material across said Worksupport, a bender for said material slidably mounted in and adapted tobe projected through. said work support, and

means for operating said bender comprising -a suitably timed cam,.amember oper ated thereby, a-spring supported sleeve slidably mountedonsaid member, a rock shaft, pivotally-connected to said sleeve and-havmg an arm extendingbeneath said bender,

and adjustable means for limiting the up- Y ward thrusts of the benderbeyond the surface of said Work support.

9. In a sewing machine having 'a bed plate, a Work support, a curvedoscillating needle and-complemental stitch forming -mechanism locatedand operating above the operating said bender comprising a suitablytimed cam, a member operated thereby, a spring supported sleeve slidablymounted on said member, a rock shaft pro.- vided with arms respectivelyconnected to said-sleeve and to said bender, and a pin engaging the armof the rock shaft which is connected to the bender, to limit the upwardmovement of said arm, and consequently the amount of projection of saidbender above the surface-of the work sup' port, and adjustable meanslocated above said bed plate, against which said pin impinges. v

10. In a machine forblind stitching comprising a work support, a curvedoscillating needle, and complemental stitch forming mechanism locatedand operatingabove'said work support, and means for feeding the workover said support, means for moving the needle laterally relative tosaid work support to produce two lines of stitching comprising a slidingcarriage, a lever connected at one end to said carriage, a floatingmember connected to said lever intermediate of its ends, a' cam,engag1ng sa1d floating member and means jspr controlling the amount ofendwise movement imparted bysaid cam to said floating'member.

I 11. In a machinefor blind stitching comprising a hollow arm, a worksupport, a

curved oscillating needle, and complemental stitch forming mechanismlocated and? operatingabove said work support, and means for feedingthework over said support, means carriage, a member connectedto saidlever l intermediate its ends, a cam engaging said member and meansincluding an adjustable bell crank lever pivoted within said hollow armand link connections between the same and said member for controllingthe amount of endwise movement imparted'by saidoam to said member.

12. Ina machine for blind stitching com prising a work support, a curvedoscillating needle means for supporting the same above a the Worksupport and complemental-stitch forming mechanism located and operatingabove the work support, means for moving the needle laterally relativeto the work support to produce two lines of stitching. com- 1 prlsing afloating member connected to said needle supporting means, a camengaging said floating. member and means-for controlling theendwisemovement imparted by said cam to said floating member.

13. In a machine for blind stitching comprising a work support, a curvedoscillating needle, means for supporting the same above the work'supportand complemental stitch forming mechanism'located and operating abovethework support, means for moving the needle laterally relative to the worksupport to produce two lines of stitching comprising a floating memberconnected to said needle supporting means,-a cam engaging said floatingmember and means for control ling the endwise movement imparted by saidcam to said floating member, including an link to said floating memberintermediate of said cam and said needle supporting means. 1 I i Intestimony whereof, I have signed my adjustable bell-crank leverconnected by aname to this specification, in the presenceof twosubscribing witnesses.

k i THOMAS J. HAYES.

Witnesse's: Y

' FREDERICK-K. TENNANT,

THOMAS J. DRU'MMOND..

